02161nas a2200253   4500000000100000008004100001260003400042653005700076653002100133653002800154653001100182100001300193700001300206700001200219700001300231700001300244700001200257245011100269856009300380300001400473490000700487520138800494022002501882       2023                            d  bOxford University Press (OUP)10aPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health10aGeneral Medicine10aHealth (social science)10aCamera1 aAguwa UT1 aMkocha H1 aMunoz B1 aWolle MA1 aBrady CJ1 aWest SK00aComparing image quality and trachoma detection across three camera types from a survey in Kongwa, Tanzania  uhttps://academic.oup.com/inthealth/article-pdf/15/Supplement_2/ii19/53979151/ihad054.pdf  aii19-ii240 v153 a<p>Abstract</p>

<p>Background There is an increasing demand for photography for trachoma prevalence surveys. In previous studies, digital single lens reflex (DSLR) images were superior to smartphone images, but newer-model smartphones and/or lens attachments may be able to bridge this gap. This study compares the image quality and ability to detect trachomatous inflammation – follicular (TF) of three camera types: a DSLR Nikon camera, an iPhone SE and an iPhone 13 Pro with a cell scope. Methods We surveyed 62 children ages 1–7&nbsp;y from two Tanzanian communities. Upper tarsal conjunctiva images of both eyes were graded for TF by two standardized graders. The McNemar's test and a logistic regression model were used for analyses. Results The DSLR camera malfunctioned during the study, thus the iPhone SE and iPhone 13 Pro with cell scope were both more likely to take high-quality, gradable photographs (88% and 86%, respectively) compared with the DSLR camera (69%) (p&amp;lt;0.001 and p=0.02, respectively). TF was detected in gradable images from the iPhone SE (8.8%) and iPhone 13 Pro with cell scope (9.0%) at the same rate (p=1.0) as images from the DSLR camera (9.7%). Conclusion Smartphones with high-quality image capture, like the iPhone SE/13 Pro, have the potential for use in trachoma surveys if the proportion of gradable images can be improved.</p>
  a1876-3413, 1876-3405