03042nas a2200433   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042653002100058100001300079700001800092700001300110700001100123700001200134700001300146700001200159700001100171700001100182700001300193700001600206700002300222700001400245700001300259700001500272700001400287700001400301700001500315700001300330700001200343700001500355700001300370700001300383700001300396700001400409700001400423700001100437245014600448520200000594022001402594       2021                            d  bElsevier BV10aGeneral Medicine1 aSingh NS1 aAtaullahjan A1 aNdiaye K1 aDas JK1 aWise PH1 aAltare C1 aAhmed Z1 aSami S1 aAkik C1 aTappis H1 aMirzazada S1 aGarcés-Palacio IC1 aGhattas H1 aLanger A1 aWaldman RJ1 aSpiegel P1 aBhutta ZA1 aBlanchet K1 aBhutta Z1 aBlack R1 aBlanchet K1 aBoerma T1 aGaffey M1 aLanger A1 aSpiegel P1 aWaldman R1 aWise P00aDelivering health interventions to women, children, and adolescents in conflict settings: what have we learned from ten country case studies?3 aArmed conflict disproportionately affects the morbidity, mortality, and wellbeing of women, newborns, children, and adolescents. Our study presents insights from a collection of ten country case studies aiming to assess the provision of sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health and nutrition interventions in ten conflict-affected settings in Afghanistan, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mali, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria, and Yemen. We found that despite large variations in contexts and decision making processes, antenatal care, basic emergency obstetric and newborn care, comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care, immunisation, treatment of common childhood illnesses, infant and young child feeding, and malnutrition treatment and screening were prioritised in these ten conflict settings. Many lifesaving women's and children's health (WCH) services, including the majority of reproductive, newborn, and adolescent health services, are not reported as being delivered in the ten conflict settings, and interventions to address stillbirths are absent. International donors remain the primary drivers of influencing the what, where, and how of implementing WCH interventions. Interpretation of WCH outcomes in conflict settings are particularly context-dependent given the myriad of complex factors that constitute conflict and their interactions. Moreover, the comprehensiveness and quality of data remain limited in conflict settings. The dynamic nature of modern conflict and the expanding role of non-state armed groups in large geographic areas pose new challenges to delivering WCH services. However, the humanitarian system is creative and pluralistic and has developed some novel solutions to bring lifesaving WCH services closer to populations using new modes of delivery. These solutions, when rigorously evaluated, can represent concrete response to current implementation challenges to modern armed conflicts.  a0140-6736