02173nas a2200277   4500000000100000008004100001653003900042653003200081653001800113653002500131653001100156100001500167700001600182700001400198700001300212700001500225700001700240700001700257700001800274245012300292856008400415300000700499490000700506520136800513022001401881       2018                            d10aNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs)10aVisceral leishmaniasis (VL)10aLeishmaniasis10aVector-borne disease10aBrazil1 aNarciso TP1 aCarvalho RC1 aCampos LC1 aViana AG1 aFujiwara R1 aBarçante TA1 aAlvarenga IM1 aBarçante JMP00aFirst report of an autochthonous human visceral leishmaniasis in a child from the South of Minas Gerais State, Brazil.  uhttp://www.scielo.br/pdf/rimtsp/v61/1678-9946-rimtsp-61-S1678-9946201961001.pdf  ae10 v613 a<p>American visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease transmitted by some species of phlebotomine sandflies from the genus Lutzomyia. This neglected tropical zoonosis shows increasing urbanization process, since the end of the 1980s. After the emergence of foci of the disease in urban areas, VL has assumed an important role in public health. Although VL is widely prevalent in several parts of the world, diagnosing the illness is still difficult. We present a case of a 12-year-old girl with a history of recurrent fever, anorexia, cachexia, chronic fatigue, weight loss, left palpebral unilateral edema, persistent cough and pancytopenia. A diagnosis of VL was performed using a reference immunochromatographic rapid test. Identification of the infecting protozoan was directly obtained by PCR of bone marrow. The patient responded favorably to treatment using liposomal amphotericin B. This is the first report of human visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Lavras in the South of Minas Gerais State. This first report of VL highlighted the need of maintenance of permanent surveillance and control programs in the city of Lavras, including the active search of sandflies, human and canine cases. The current situation of Lavras should also be taken as an alert to other near cities where favorable eco-epidemiological conditions may exist.</p>
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