02578nas a2200373   4500000000100000008004100001653001700042653001300059653002200072653001700094653001500111653000900126653001100135653001100146653001100157653001300168653002800181653002100209653001000230100001500240700001200255700001300267700001400280700001300294700001200307700001400319700001600333245011100349856007800460300001000538490000600548520163600554022001402190       2009                            d10aWater Supply10aTrachoma10aToilet Facilities10aRisk Factors10aPrevalence10aMale10aInfant10aHumans10aFemale10aEthiopia10aCross-Sectional Studies10aChild, Preschool10aChild1 aGolovaty I1 aJones L1 aGelaye B1 aTilahun M1 aBelete H1 aKumie A1 aBerhane Y1 aWilliams MC00aAccess to water source, latrine facilities and other risk factors of active trachoma in Ankober, Ethiopia.  uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2724741/pdf/pone.0006702.pdf  ae67020 v43 a<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>This study aims to determine the prevalence and correlates of active trachoma in Ankober, Ethiopia.</p>

<p><strong>METHODS: </strong>A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted during July 2007. A total of 507 children (ages 1-9 years), from 232 households were included in the study. All children were examined for trachoma by ophthalmic nurses using the WHO simplified clinical grading system. Interviews and observations were used to assess risk factors. Logistic regression procedures were used to determine associations between potential risk factors and signs of active trachoma.</p>

<p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>Overall, the prevalence of active trachoma was found to be 53.9% (95%CI 49.6%-58.2%). Presence of fly-eye (fly contact with the eyelid margin during eye examination) (Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.03 95% CI 1.40-11.59), absence of facial cleanliness (OR = 7.59; 95%CI 4.60-12.52), an illiterate mother (OR = 5.88; 95%CI 2.10-15.95), lack of access to piped water (OR = 2.19; 95%CI 1.14-6.08), and lack of access to latrine facilities (OR = 4.36; 95%CI 1.49-12.74) were statistically significantly associated with increased risk of active trachoma.</p>

<p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Active trachoma among children 1-9 years of age in Ankober is highly prevalent and significantly associated with a number of risk factors including access to water and latrine facilities. Trachoma prevention programs that include improved access to water and sanitation, active fly control, and hygiene education are recommended to lower the burden of trachoma in Ankober, Ethiopia.</p>
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