02964nas a2200397 4500000000100000008004100001260003700042653002100079100002100100700001600121700001300137700001300150700001600163700001400179700001800193700001500211700001200226700001500238700001200253700001400265700001400279700001200293700001200305700001200317700001500329700001400344700001400358700001300372700001200385245013000397856009900527300001300626490000700639520190600646022001402552 2025 d bPublic Library of Science (PLoS)10aivermectin (IVM)1 aBienvenu Nwane P1 aDjeunga HCN1 aToche NN1 aDomche A1 aBertrand FN1 aNiamsi YE1 aNjitchuang GR1 aTsasse MAF1 aBopda J1 aMbickmen S1 aBalog A1 aNkwelle A1 aNkwelle P1 aEbene C1 aObama H1 aMessi P1 aBiholong B1 aBillong S1 aAyissi GN1 aKamgno J1 aEkpo UF00aStatus of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011511&type=printable ae00115110 v193 a
Introduction Significant progress has been made in onchocerciasis control through mass distribution of ivermectin among affected human populations, fostering optimism for disease elimination. However, despite these considerable advances, the elimination of the disease remains a major challenge in many African foci. This paper describes the current situation of onchocerciasis in Adamaoua Region of Cameroon after 20 consecutive years of ivermectin mass treatment.
Materials and methods The study was conducted between August and September 2020 in Adamaoua Region of Cameroon. Onchocerciasis endemicity was assessed through parasitological and clinical diagnosis. Microfilarodermia and nodule prevalences assessed in 2020 were compared to those of 1998-2002 and 2010-2013 surveys using the Chi-square (X 2) statistic test. Results A total of 4,814 participants aged between 5 and 108 years, including 50.4% men and 49.6% women were enrolled in the study. The nodule and microfilaria prevalences reported from this sub-sample were 0.87 [0.64 - 1.19] % and 0.77 [0.54 - 1.07] %, respectively. At the community level, the mf prevalences ranged from 0.5% to 4.5%. Globally, the community microfilarial loads (CMFL) were < 0.5 mf/ss. The survey therapeutic coverage rates were between 40% and 78%, lower than those reported (79% - 83%) by NOCP. The coverage rates in ivermectin treatment in all age groups of the population were below 65%, except for the 40-50 age group where it was ≈70%.
Conclusion The results of this study show a drastic decline in onchocerciasis prevalences after 20 consecutive years of CDTI, indicating a significant progress towards stopping O. volvulus transmission in Adamaoua Region. However, additional efforts are needed to increase the population coverage in ivermectin treatment in order to stop the parasite transmission in this Region.
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