02241nas a2200289   4500000000100000008004100001260001200042100001300054700001400067700001400081700001300095700001400108700001300122700001400135700001300149700001200162700001200174700001400186700001800200700001900218245012300237856006600360300000700426490000700433520149700440022001401937       2025                            d  bMDPI AG1 aHugho EA1 aNagagi YP1 aLyaruu LJ1 aMosha VV1 aSenyael N1 aMwita MM1 aMabahi RW1 aTemba VM1 aHebel M1 aNyati M1 aMmbaga BT1 aNdyetabura TO1 aLukambagire AS00aInverted Patterns of Schistosomiasis and Fascioliasis and Risk Factors Among Humans and Livestock in Northern Tanzania  uhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/87/pdf?version=1737431802  a870 v143 a<p>Fascioliasis and schistosomiasis are parasitic trematodiases of public health and economic concern in humans and livestock. However, data on the distribution and risk factors for fascioliasis remain limited, while epidemiological gaps hinder schistosomiasis control in Tanzania. This One Health, cross-sectional study examined the prevalence and risk factors of schistomiasis and fascioliasis in northern Tanzania, involving 310 livestock and 317 human participants from Arusha, Kilimanjaro, and Manyara regions. Using standard parasitological methods, livestock fascioliasis prevalence was 21.3%, while schistosomiasis prevalence was 1.0%. Human fascioliasis prevalence was 1.9%, while schistosomiasis prevalence was 12.6%. Female animals, particularly cattle in Kilimanjaro and Manyara, had higher odds of fascioliasis. Human–animal contact through husbandry increased schistosomiasis risk (aOR = 4.21; 95% CI: 1.81–9.80), while the use of borehole-water was protective (aOR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.11–0.97). Fascioliasis risk was higher among individuals aged 36–55 years (aOR = 7.66; 95% CI: 1.36–43.23), with cabbage consumption offering protection (aOR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01–0.89). The study revealed inverted prevalence patterns of fascioliasis and schistosomiasis in humans and livestock, driven by vector-dependent transmission dynamics. These findings emphasize the need for an integrated One Health approach to manage shared human and animal health risks in Tanzania.</p>
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