02169nas a2200241   4500000000100000008004100001260003600042653001500078653003600093653001800129653002200147653002000169653000800189100002400197700002100221700001300242700001400255245009500269856008200364300000800446520144800454022002501902       2024                            d  bAmerican Chemical Society (ACS)10aOne Health10aVector Borne Protozoal Diseases10aLeishmaniasis10aSleeping sickness10aChagas' disease10aEMA1 aCordeiro da Silva A1 aCalogeropoulou T1 aCosti MP1 aAlunda JM00aDrugs for Vector-Borne Protozoal Diseases in a One Health Scenario. A European Perspective  uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00339?ref=article_openPDF  a1-63 a<p>Vector-borne protozoal diseases (VBPD) represent an enormous health and economic burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Their control requires integrated approaches that consider not only therapeutic interventions for affected human and animal populations but also preventive tools. Environmental contamination can lead to therapeutic ineffectiveness. Effective intervention must consider in-depth knowledge of the environmental factors that regulate the exposure, transmission and pathogenicity of VBPD within a One Health approach. In recent decades, the incidence and prevalence of VBPD have been substantially reduced in many regions of the world, although there are still hot spots and emerging epidemiological cycles. Except for a partially protective vaccine against malaria, vaccination is not available for any other human VBPD, and therefore epidemiological control and chemotherapy are the main control tools. Current therapeutics have several drawbacks, including reduced efficacy, toxicity and high price of safer formulations. In addition, the industrial pipeline is limited, and no therapeutic breakthroughs are expected. Integrated control of VBPD requires multitarget control systems adapted to the disease and region. In this scenario, harmonized surveillance systems, accurate reporting and increased public and private investment will ensure more rational use of the few available and new drugs.</p>
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