@article{29011,
  keywords = {Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), Trachoma, Mapping, Tanzania, Mass drug administration},
  author = {Mwingira U and Kabona G and Kamugisha M and Kirumbi E and Kilembe B and Simon A and Nshala A and Damas D and Nanai A and Malecela M and Chikawe M and Mbise C and Mkocha HA and Massae P and Mkali HR and Rotondo L and Crowley K and Willis R and Solomon A and Ngondi J},
  title = {Progress of trachoma mapping in mainland Tanzania: Results of baseline surveys from 2012 to 2014.},
  abstract = {<p><strong>PURPOSE: </strong>Following surveys in 2004-2006 in 50 high-risk districts of mainland Tanzania, trachoma was still suspected to be widespread elsewhere. We report on baseline surveys undertaken from 2012 to 2014.</p>

<p><strong>METHODS: </strong>A total of 31 districts were surveyed. In 2012 and 2013, 12 at-risk districts were selected based on proximity to known trachoma endemic districts, while in 2014, trachoma rapid assessments were undertaken, and 19 of 55 districts prioritized for baseline surveys. A multi-stage cluster random sampling methodology was applied whereby 20 villages (clusters) and 36 households per cluster were surveyed. Eligible participants, children aged 1-9 years and people aged 15 years and older, were examined for trachoma using the World Health Organization simplified grading system.</p>

<p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>A total of 23,171 households were surveyed and 104,959 participants (92.3% of those enumerated) examined for trachoma signs. A total of 44,511 children aged 1-9 years and 65,255 people aged 15 years and older were examined for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and trichiasis, respectively. Prevalence of TF varied by district, ranging from 0.0% (95% confidence interval, CI 0.0-0.1%) in Mbinga to 11.8% (95% CI 6.8-16.5%) in Chunya. Trichiasis prevalence was lowest in Urambo (0.03%, 95% CI 0.00-0.24%) and highest in Kibaha (1.08%, 95% CI 0.74-1.43%).</p>

<p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Only three districts qualified for mass drug administration with azithromycin. Trichiasis is still a public health problem in many districts, thus community-based trichiasis surgery should be considered to prevent blindness due to trachoma. These findings will facilitate achievement of trachoma elimination objectives.</p>
},
  year = {2016},
  journal = {Ophthalmic epidemiology},
  pages = {1-8},
  issn = {1744-5086},
  url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09286586.2016.1236974?needAccess=true},
  doi = {10.1080/09286586.2016.1236974},
  language = {eng},
}